Category Archives: Best Nephrologist

How To Take Care Of The Kidneys

Learn How To Take Care Of The Kidneys And Stay Away From Kidney Diseases

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Kidney Health for All is the theme of World Kidney Day 2019. But, do you know how important this organ is for the proper functioning of the body? First, for those who do not know yet, the word kidney goes to the plural because we have two. And they are in the posterior abdomen, one on the right and one on the left.

Their main function is to filter blood to control the amount of water and salt in the body, eliminate toxins, help control high blood pressure and produce hormones that prevent bone anaemia and decalcification, and eliminate medications and other ingested substances.

It is precisely for its numerous functions that the kidneys need to be healthy. Sick kidneys cause so-called kidney disease, which is a cause of concern worldwide because of the growing number of cases.

According to the best nephrologist in Delhi, 850 million people have kidney disease worldwide. Chronic Kidney Disease causes at least 2.4 million deaths annually, with an increased mortality rate. And the most affected are people living in low- and middle-income countries.

According to Dr. Vinant Bhargava, kidney specialist in Delhi, the main risk factors for kidney disease are hypertension, diabetes, and a family history of kidney disease. But obesity, smoking and the use of toxic medications can also affect kidney health.

“In India, one in 10 Indians will have some kind of kidney disease. He has and does not know, because kidney disease is silent. It has no major symptoms. And since diabetes and hypertension are prevalent diseases in India, and also remembering obesity, these diseases lead to chronic kidney disease. And if the person has a very poor kidney function, below 10%, he will go on hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis or need a transplant, ”explains the nephrologist

Preventing

Kidney care means staying away from kidney disease. For prevention, one of the main tips is to adopt a less salty diet. “We here in India eat around 12 grams of salt per day when adequate would be around 2 grams of salt/day. Salt has a retaining effect on water. This causes the kidneys to work at higher blood pressure, leading to kidney disease or chronic kidney disease. And for those who are diabetic, the diet should also be controlled, especially in relation to sugar, ”draws the attention of Dr. Vinant Bhargava.

Hydration is indispensable. “We should not wait for thirst to drink water. Thirst already means dehydration. An increased amount of fluid should be taken to further filter the urine. The pathologies that can be harmed by lack of water are those who already have kidney stones, the kidney stone. You have to drink a lot more water, always trying to prevent the crystals from getting too long in the urine, forming increasing leg formation.”

Elderly people, patients with cardiovascular disease and patients with a history of kidney disease in relatives have great potential to develop kidney injury and should be investigated with urine screening and blood creatinine levels. “These are simple tests available that provide valuable information to tell how the kidneys are working. The recommendation is to take the exam once a year. And anyone who already has a family history, hypertension or diabetes is at least every six months.”

Serum Protein Analysis

Serum Protein Analysis

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Definition of serum proteins

The proteins are in some ways the essential building blocks of our cells; they play a role in all the reactions of the body.

There are more than a hundred different proteins circulating in the blood, although albumin accounts for 60% of them.

In addition to transporting many substances (hormones, lipids, etc.), blood proteins are involved in coagulation, immunity, maintenance of blood pressure, and so on.

It is possible to perform a total serum protein assay, which provides information on the functioning of many organs.

Why do serum protein analysis?

The analysis of serum proteins (serum) is useful in many situations to guide diagnosis, specify the severity of a disease or monitor the effectiveness of treatment.

It is a very common examination that can assess the function of certain organs (liver, kidneys) and highlight certain abnormalities (inflammatory syndrome, autoimmune diseases, lymphoma, etc.).

Thus, this dosage may be prescribed, inter alia, in the case of:

  • inflammatory syndrome
  • alteration of the general condition
  • CBC abnormalities (blood test)
  • unexplained bone or joint pain
  • liver problems
  • renal failure

What results can we expect from a serum protein analysis?

The serum or plasma proteins are measured by electrophoresis, after a simple blood test: the blood (serum) is placed in an electric field, which “migrates” the proteins. They separate according to their electrical charge and their weight, which makes it possible to distinguish them from each other and to identify anomalies.

This assay is usually performed at the same time as other basic tests, such as blood count or sedimentation rate. Indeed, the level of proteins in the blood (protidemia) does not only depend on the proteins, but also on the blood volume (the dilution may be greater or smaller).

What results can we expect from a serum protein analysis?

As an indication, the normal value of total serum proteins is between 65 and 80 grams / L. The albumin/globulin ratio is between 1.2 and 1.8.

An increase in total plasma protein (hyperproteinemia) is observed in many situations, such as dehydration (“heat stroke”, diarrhea, vomiting) or during various diseases such as myeloma that cause an increase in the mass of circulating proteins.

Decreases in total protein concentration (hypoproteinemia) may be caused by a lack of intake (malnutrition) or a lack of absorption, a lack of synthesis (liver failure), abnormal loss of kidney or by water overload (hemodilution).

The electrophoretic analysis shows the distribution of the main blood proteins and traces a characteristic “profile”, which can be interpreted by the doctor.

Thus, in the case of an inflammatory syndrome, for example, the “pattern” will be typical, showing an increase in alpha-globulins and a decrease in albumin.

The increase in beta-globulins, meanwhile, may mean the presence of iron deficiency, hypothyroidism or biliary obstruction.

The nephrotic syndrome (kidney dysfunction) will be characterized by hypoalbuminemia and hyperalphaglobulinemia.

Only the nephrologist in Delhi will be able to identify an abnormal line and prescribe the case of complementary examinations to make a diagnosis.

Chronic Renal Failure

Treatment of Chronic Renal Failure

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Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a disease characterized by the progressive deterioration of renal function which results in the kidney losing the ability to make urine, and in turn removing toxins from the blood, among other functions that are necessary for life.

A patient is considered to have Chronic Renal Insufficiency when he has a glomerular filtration rate lower than 60ml / min / 1.73m2, resulting from structural or functional abnormalities of the kidney, for at least three months.

Among the kidney’s own functions that are altered in renal failure are:

  • The acid-base and electrolyte balance, necessary to maintain the pH and the amount of water and salts that the body needs (sodium, potassium, and phosphorus)
  • Elimination of toxins.
  • Endocrine functions, such as the production of erythropoietin necessary for the production of red blood cells, and avoid anemia.
  • Regulation of calcium metabolism (essential for the proper function of bones)

These are some of the substances that accumulate in the blood product of cell metabolism and that in the case of suffering from renal failure are not eliminated properly, and can be harmful when they accumulate in the blood:

  • Urea
  • Creatinine
  • Ureic Nitrogen in Blood (BUN)
  • Sodium (present in salt): Favors the retention of liquids
  • Potassium (present in fruits, vegetables, and nuts): as a serious consequence among others can produce an irreversible cardiac arrest.
  • Phosphorus (present in bread, dairy, and pastries): In excess produces itching and contributes to vascular calcification.
  • Excesses of water (come mainly from drinks and meals): Increases blood pressure, and can lead to acute pulmonary edema, which is a serious condition, where the lung cannot exercise its function to oxygenate the blood because occupied by liquid.

Causes of the CRF

Causes that can cause Chronic Renal Insufficiency:

  • Infections of either the urinary, kidney or systemic pathways that affect the kidney (for example pyelonephritis)
  • Medications that affect the kidney (for example chronic interstitial nephritis, caused mostly by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen and diclofenac and some antibiotics, among other medicines)
  • Injuries, tumors
  • Acquired or hereditary renal diseases (for example, glomerulonephritis or polycystic kidney disease in more than 20%)
  • Diabetes mellitus (more than 20%)
  • Hypertension
  • Atherosclerosis (fatty deposits, such as cholesterol, inside the arteries, in more than 15%)
  • Systemic hereditary diseases with kidney involvement
  • Urinary tract stones

Symptoms of CRF

The symptoms of advanced chronic renal failure (CRF) are mainly associated with the retention of urea and electrolytes such as phosphorus and potassium, and fluid retention, with edema in the legs (swollen legs) and shortness of breath (edema) in lung; also when the levels of urea are very high the following signs and symptoms may appear:

  • Tiredness
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Loss of appetite
  • Weight loss
  • Headache
  • Insomnia
  • Numbness or muscle pain in arms and/or legs
  • Spiked
  • Blurred vision
  • Heart problems
  • Anemia and malnutrition
  • Edema in the eyelids and legs (fluid retention)
  • Osteodystrophy (decalcification and fragility of the bones)
  • Stomach discomfort (gastritis)

Treatments: hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis

Techniques of renal replacement therapy: Hemodialysis or Peritoneal Dialysis

Among the techniques of renal replacement therapy, that is to say, those that will supply kidney function, when they present a significant deterioration of between 5-15% of their capacity, it is necessary to choose the technique depending on the characteristics of the patient and the recommendations of your nephrologist in Delhi.

In both cases, once the treatment is started, both hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis recover the feeling of well-being and improve the functioning of the body’s systems.

Kidney Transplant

Kidney transplant in Delhi is the best renal replacement therapy because it offers the possibility of a better quality of life by restoring all affected functions and eliminates the need for chronic dialysis in Delhi. A transplanted kidney can work well for many years, depending on the general health of the recipient and the characteristics of the donor’s kidney.

In any case, before being a candidate for a kidney transplant recipient, additional tests should be performed to ensure optimal performance, since it requires immunosuppressive drugs, that is, they depress the body’s natural defences and predispose other diseases of an infectious nature, as well as the success of surgery since it does not stop being a surgical intervention with its risks. So not all patients who are suitable for such intervention, should be assessed by a nephrologist in Delhi and the transplant team.

Acute Kidney Disease Treatment

Acute Kidney Disease Treatment by Best Nephrologist in Delhi

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According to Best Nephrologist in Delhi Dr. Vinant Bhargava, acute kidney disease is basically a problem that lots of people have wherein the kidney does not separate waste from blood likewise it could. The kidney is a vital organ that performs many functions in our body, however, first and foremost it cleans waste material like potassium and calcium and roots it out from our body through urine. Many individuals suffer from acute kidney disease earlier than other people. Hypertension and diabetic issues are the most known problems that trigger individuals to develop acute kidney disease. Sadly, lots of people who are suffering from acute kidney disease also suffer from arthritis or chronic pain.

Various drugs are separated out of the body system by the kidneys. It indicates that once you develop acute kidney disease, few drugs are taken in a different way or perhaps disallowed completely. Drugs as essential as antibiotics could require kidney functionality adaptation, so it is extremely vital to consult with your doctor and understand your kidney functionality.

Acute kidney disease can furthermore lead to transitions in the human body, including anemia or bone disorder. The kidneys exude a hormone which induces bone marrow to generate blood cells. If the hormone is not exuded properly, anemia may possible to develop. The kidneys additionally support the human body to utilize calcium and vitamin D effectively. in absence of the complete functionality of the kidneys, individuals can suffer from a bone disease, like osteoporosis.

Well, presenting all of these facts, what a person can do to avoid acute kidney disease? By far and away the most crucial thing a person can do is regulate blood sugar and pressure. Blood pressure should be checked often and diet should be built as recommended by a dietician.

The more salt, the steeper the blood pressure. High sugar also damages the kidney. If you are suffering from obesity, or have a family background of diabetes, it’s important to have your blood sugar checked.

If acute kidney disease does not treat well it may lead to total failure of the kidney and then a person needs to go for a kidney transplant. For kidney transplant in Delhi, many patients visit Dr. Vinant Bhargava and his expert surgeon team.